Sam
1 min readAug 9, 2018

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Hi Donna. I will respond in brief because I do not have time for a lengthy back and forth. Medium is excellent for sharing ideas but not necessarily changing minds, particularly on this subject. So, my generous rules of engagement on my posts are 4 responses 2 each: you, me, you, me. Now, to your clarifying questions. Letter A is yes. Cause, source, or complication. Letter B is yes, but white people aren’t the sole operators. I was clear to say white people invented and benefit from race that’s inseparable from Blackness. Letter C is no. But white racism has power. Your conclusion is answered by letter A. Please also see an essay here.

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